• 01666-222229
  • info@practicise.com
  • Sircl Tech Pvt. Ltd, Red Light Chowk, Sirsa
Course Content
Getting Started
0/3
What is PHP?
Installing XAMPP/Laragon/WAMP or using VS Code with PHP
Running your first PHP file (hello.php)
PHP Basics
0/4
Syntax & Comments
Variables and Constants
Data Types (string, integer, float, boolean, array, object, NULL)
Operators (Arithmetic, Assignment, Comparison, Logical)
Control Structures
0/3
if, else, elseif
switch
Loops: for, while, do-while, foreach
Functions
0/3
PHP Functions (Defining and Calling)
Parameters and return values
Variable scope (global, local, static)
Forms and User Input
0/4
Handling GET and POST data
Form validation (basic)
Displaying Error Messages Below Input Fields (Form Validation)
isset() and empty()
Arrays & Strings
0/3
Indexed and Associative Arrays
Array functions: array_merge(), array_push(), count(), explode(), etc.
String functions: strlen(), str_replace(), substr(), strpos()
File Handling
0/3
Reading and writing files
File uploads
fopen(), fwrite(), fread(), unlink()
Sessions and Cookies
0/2
$_SESSION and $_COOKIE
Login/logout session handling
Working with MySQL (PDO / MySQLi)
0/3
Connecting to database
CRUD operations
Prepared statements to prevent SQL Injection
PHP
About Lesson

Operators in PHP

Operators are special symbols or keywords that are used to perform operations on variables and values.
In PHP, operators are grouped into categories: Arithmetic, Assignment, Comparison, and Logical.

1. Arithmetic Operators:

These operators are used to perform mathematical calculations.

OperatorDescriptionExampleResult
+Addition10 + 515
-Subtraction10 - 55
*Multiplication10 * 550
/Division10 / 52
%Modulus (remainder)10 % 31
**Exponentiation (power)2 ** 38

Example:

PHP
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Arithmetic Operators</title>
</head>
<body>
    <?php
    $a = 10;
    $b = 3;

    echo "<h2>Arithmetic Operators</h2>";
    echo "a + b = " . ($a + $b) . "<br>";
    echo "a - b = " . ($a - $b) . "<br>";
    echo "a * b = " . ($a * $b) . "<br>";
    echo "a / b = " . ($a / $b) . "<br>";
    echo "a % b = " . ($a % $b) . "<br>";
    echo "a ** b = " . ($a ** $b) . "<br>";
    ?>
</body>
</html>

Explanation:

  • $a + $b adds two numbers.
  • $a % $b gives remainder when $a is divided by $b.
  • $a ** $b means $a raised to the power $b.

2. Assignment Operators:

Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables.

OperatorExampleSame as
=$x = 5Assigns 5 to $x
+=$x += 3$x = $x + 3
-=$x -= 3$x = $x - 3
*=$x *= 3$x = $x * 3
/=$x /= 3$x = $x / 3
%=$x %= 3$x = $x % 3

Example:

PHP
<?php
$x = 10;

echo "<h2>Assignment Operators</h2>";
echo "Initial value: $x <br>";

$x += 5;
echo "After x += 5: $x <br>";

$x -= 3;
echo "After x -= 3: $x <br>";

$x *= 2;
echo "After x *= 2: $x <br>";

$x /= 4;
echo "After x /= 4: $x <br>";

$x %= 3;
echo "After x %= 3: $x <br>";
?>

Explanation:

  • $x += 5 increases $x by 5.
  • $x *= 2 multiplies $x by 2.
  • $x %= 3 gives remainder after dividing $x by 3.

3. Comparison Operators:

These are used to compare two values. They return true or false.

OperatorDescriptionExampleResult
==Equal to5 == "5"true
===Identical (equal + same data type)5 === "5"false
!= or <>Not equal5 != 3true
!==Not identical5 !== "5"true
>Greater than10 > 5true
<Less than10 < 5false
>=Greater than or equal10 >= 10true
<=Less than or equal10 <= 5false
<=>Spaceship (returns -1, 0, 1)10 <=> 20-1

Example:

PHP
<?php
$a = 10;
$b = "10";

echo "<h2>Comparison Operators</h2>";
var_dump($a == $b);   // true
echo "<br>";
var_dump($a === $b);  // false
echo "<br>";
var_dump($a != $b);   // false
echo "<br>";
var_dump($a !== $b);  // true
echo "<br>";
var_dump($a > 5);     // true
echo "<br>";
var_dump($a < 5);     // false
echo "<br>";
var_dump($a <=> 20);  // -1
?>

Explanation:

  • == checks only value.
  • === checks value + data type.
  • <=> is a spaceship operator: returns -1 if left < right, 0 if equal, 1 if left > right.

4. Logical Operators:

These are used to combine multiple conditions.

OperatorDescriptionExampleResult
&& or andTrue if both are true($x > 5 && $x < 15)true
`oror`True if any is true
!Not (negation)!($x > 5)false
xorTrue if one is true but not both(true xor false)true

    Example:

    PHP
    <?php
$x = 10;

echo "<h2>Logical Operators</h2>";

if ($x > 5 && $x < 15) {
    echo "x is between 5 and 15 <br>";
}

if ($x > 5 || $x < 5) {
    echo "x is greater than 5 OR less than 5 <br>";
}

if (!($x < 5)) {
    echo "x is NOT less than 5 <br>";
}

if (true xor false) {
    echo "One condition is true, but not both <br>";
}
?>

    Explanation:

    • && checks if both conditions are true.
    • || checks if at least one condition is true.
    • ! reverses the condition.
    • xor is true only when exactly one condition is true.
    Previous
    Next