UPS:

A UPS, or Uninterruptible Power Supply, is a device that provides emergency power to a load when the input power source, typically mains power, fails or drops to an unacceptable voltage level. UPS systems are commonly used to protect computers, data centers, telecommunication equipment, and other critical devices from power outages, voltage fluctuations, and electrical disturbances.

UPS systems typically consist of three main components:

1. Battery: The battery is the core component of a UPS and stores electrical energy. During normal operation when the input power is available and stable, the UPS charges the battery. When there is a power outage or voltage fluctuation, the UPS switches to battery power to provide uninterrupted electricity to connected devices.
2. Inverter: The inverter is responsible for converting DC (direct current) power from the battery into AC (alternating current) power, which is suitable for powering most electronic devices. It ensures that the output power from the UPS matches the requirements of the connected devices.
3. Charger: The charger circuitry monitors the input power and charges the battery when it is available. It ensures that the battery is maintained at an optimal charge level, ready to provide backup power when needed.