In C, formatted input/output functions are used to control the way data is displayed or read. The primary functions for formatted I/O are part of the stdio.h (standard input-output) library. Here are some commonly used formatted input/output functions in C:

Formatted Output Functions (printf):

Example 1: Print Integer and String

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int age = 25;
    char name[] = “John Doe”;

    printf(“Age: %dn”, age);
    printf(“Name: %sn”, name);

    return 0;
}

Output:

Age: 25
Name: John Doe

Example 2: Print Floating-Point Numbers with Precision

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    double pi = 3.141592653589793;

    printf(“Pi (with precision): %.2fn”, pi);

    return 0;
}

Output:

Pi (with precision): 3.14

Formatted Input Functions (scanf):

Example 1: Read Integer and String

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int age;
    char name[50];

    printf(“Enter your age: “);
    scanf(“%d”, &age);

    printf(“Enter your name: “);
    scanf(“%s”, name);

    printf(“Age: %dn”, age);
    printf(“Name: %sn”, name);

    return 0;
}

Output:

Enter your age: 25
Enter your name: John
Age: 25
Name: John

Example 2: Read Floating-Point Numbers

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    double height;

    printf(“Enter your height in meters: “);
    scanf(“%lf”, &height);

    printf(“Your height is: %.2f metersn”, height);

    return 0;
}

Output:

Enter your height in meters: 1.75
Your height is: 1.75 meters