MATCH

MATCH returns the position of a value within a range.

Syntax

=MATCH(lookup_value,lookup_array,[match_type])

Example:

=MATCH(“Rahul”,A2:A4,0)

Result: 3

Because Rahul is the third item in the range.

INDEX + MATCH

INDEX + MATCH combines the two functions:

MATCH → finds the position

INDEX → returns the value

Example:

Employee ID

Name

Salary

E101

Amit

45000

E102

Neha

50000

E103

Rahul

65000

To find Rahul’s salary:

=INDEX(C2:C4,MATCH(“Rahul”,B2:B4,0))

Result: 65000

Why Use INDEX + MATCH?

It can be more flexible than traditional VLOOKUP because the lookup range and return range do not have to follow VLOOKUP’s left-to-right structure.