Pivot Columns

Pivoting transforms unique values into separate columns.

Example:

Month	Sales
Jan	50000
Feb	60000

Can be transformed into:

Jan	Feb
50000	60000

Unpivot Columns

Unpivot converts columns into rows.

Example:

Product	Jan	Feb	Mar
Laptop	50000	60000	70000

After Unpivot:

Product	Month	Sales
Laptop	Jan	50000
Laptop	Feb	60000
Laptop	Mar	70000

Custom Columns

Create a new column using a formula.

Example:

Profit = Sales – Cost

Conditional Columns

Create values based on conditions.

Example:

If Sales >= 50000 → “High”

Else → “Normal”

Practice

Create:

• Profit column
• Sales Category column
• High/Normal sales classification